How to Determine if Your Makeup is Oil- or Water-Based

By Adeline Green March 10, 2024 2 mins read 36 Views

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Is Your Makeup Looking Worse for Wear?

We've all been there: you've completed your hair and makeup routine, the outfit is flawless, and you're ready for a night on the town. However, by the time you get to your first destination, your base makeup looks like it's been on for no less than 24 hours — it's blotchy, has started to settle weirdly into dry patches, and generally looks worse for wear. The issue could stem from a multitude of causes, but more often than not, it's likely because you mixed oil- and water-based products.

The Science Behind Oil and Water

"Oil and water, without the help of any emulsifiers, will separate," says Krupa Koestline, founder and chief chemist at KKT Labs. Emulsifiers are ingredients that mix and trap oil and water together. Koestline explains, "Oils have water-fearing chains that physically repel themselves from water. You see this when eating salad when you try to mix olive oil with balsamic vinegar. No matter how much you shake it, the two will not mix."

Differentiating Between Oil- and Water-Based Makeup

The best way to tell if a makeup product is oil- or water-based is by looking at the ingredient list. "In terms of complexion products like foundation, most of them on the market are water or silicone-based," says Koestline. For oil-based products, you'll typically find two to three oils listed in the top five to seven ingredients. Water-based products, on the other hand, will list a mix of emollients, emulsifiers, and humectants in the first five to seven ingredients. Silicone-based foundations will often have ingredients that end in "cone."

Why Are Some Products Oil-Based and Others Water-Based?

There are several reasons why certain products are oil or water-based. Market demand for certain textures, demographic intent, and the solubility of ingredients all play a role. Water and silicone-based foundations tend to have a lighter texture, are less likely to clog pores, and can be manipulated to be longer-wearing without feeling heavy. Oil-based foundations are preferred by those with dryer or more mature skin who prefer the glow it leaves behind.

Choosing the Right Makeup for Your Skin Type

Your skin type and lifestyle will determine whether you prefer oil or water-based products. Those with normal-to-oily skin typically prefer water and silicone-based foundations for their lighter texture and spreadability. Dry or mature skin types may find oil-based foundations more nourishing and comfortable. Consider your skin type and build the rest of your routine around it.

Don't Mix Oil and Water-Based Products

Remember, if you mix a water-based primer with an oil-based foundation (or vice versa), you won't get the benefits and results you are looking for. Chemists can use emulsifiers to manipulate oil into water or water into oil in a formula that holds up over time. At home, it's best to stick with products that are compatible to ensure budge-proof makeup.

Now that you know how to determine if your makeup is oil- or water-based, go forth and prosper with a flawless face!